考研英语词汇记忆之经典前缀总结二

贪吃鱼

构词法是组成单词的一种方法，它有清晰严谨的结构形式，而且有规律可循。利用构词法记忆单词，可以加速记忆、举一反三，简化难词记忆并有效提高推测词义的能力。学生掌握了一定的词源、词根、词缀的知识不仅能迅速扩大词汇量，并且能够利用词根词缀猜测单词的含义。

词根词缀法是把一个单词分解为前缀、词根、后缀三部分，以帮助记忆。例如permission一词中，miss是词根,per是前缀, ion是后缀。per=全部，miss=发射，ion是一个名词后缀，两个词缀和词根共同构成了permission一词，表示“允许”。由此可见考研英语，词根、前缀、后缀是构成单词的三个元素、三个“构件”。词根是主要元素，前缀、后缀是次要元素。由上述例子可以看出，一个英语单词并不是一些豪无意义的孤立的字母的随意排列，而是由一些含有具体意义的词根词缀所构成的有意义的整体。因此，要记忆一个单词，就不能按照一个个字母排列顺序去记，而应按照词根词缀的意义去记。

1表示时间的常用前缀

[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	a-[size=10.5000pt] an-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	not[size=10.5000pt]，without否定[size=10.5000pt]	apo1itical不关心政治的；[size=10.5000pt] anonymous匿名的，无名的，不知名的[size=10.5000pt]
		ab-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	away from[size=10.5000pt]	abnormal非正常的[size=10.5000pt]
		a-[size=10.5000pt] ab-[size=10.5000pt] abs-[size=10.5000pt]	在“[size=10.5000pt]t”“[size=10.5000pt]v”之前[size=10.5000pt]	avoid避免[size=10.5000pt]	abstain弃权，戒；[size=10.5000pt] abstract摘要[size=10.5000pt]
		ant-[size=10.5000pt] anti-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	against[size=10.5000pt]，opposite[size=10.5000pt] “反抗”[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] “反”“抗”[size=10.5000pt]	antarctic南极[size=10.5000pt]([size=10.5000pt]的[size=10.5000pt])[size=10.5000pt]；[size=10.5000pt] anti-Japanese war抗日战争；antimissile反导弹的；[size=10.5000pt] antisocial反社会的；[size=10.5000pt] antimagnetic防磁的；[size=10.5000pt] antiseptic防腐剂；[size=10.5000pt] antifreezing liquid抗冻剂[size=10.5000pt]
		counter-[size=10.5000pt] contra-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	against[size=10.5000pt]，opposite[size=10.5000pt] 反，对应[size=10.5000pt]	counteraction反作用；[size=10.5000pt] contrast对比，对照；[size=10.5000pt] counteract抵抗；[size=10.5000pt] counterattack反攻；[size=10.5000pt] counterpart对手，副本；[size=10.5000pt] counterclockwise逆时针的[size=10.5000pt]
		de-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	away[size=10.5000pt]，down[size=10.5000pt]，negative离开，分，否定，使低下[size=10.5000pt]	decompose分解；[size=10.5000pt] decompression减压；[size=10.5000pt] degrade使降级；[size=10.5000pt] demobilize复员；[size=10.5000pt] degenerate堕落的；[size=10.5000pt] decay衰败；教育学考研[size=10.5000pt] debase贬低[size=10.5000pt]
		dis-[size=10.5000pt]	加在名、形、动词前[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]不[size=10.5000pt]	disadvantage不利，不利条件；disagree不同意[size=10.5000pt]
		dis-[size=10.5000pt]	加在动词[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]前[size=10.5000pt]	不再……[size=10.5000pt]	disappear消失；[size=10.5000pt] disarm解除武装；[size=10.5000pt] disconnect分离[size=10.5000pt]
		di-[size=10.5000pt] dif-[size=10.5000pt] dis-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	away[size=10.5000pt]，negative[size=10.5000pt] 否定，分开，不[size=10.5000pt]	distrust不信任．怀疑；[size=10.5000pt] disassemble拆开；[size=10.5000pt] divest脱衣，剥夺；[size=10.5000pt] differentiate区分[size=10.5000pt]
		il-[size=10.5000pt]	加在以“[size=10.5000pt]l”开头的词前[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]不[size=10.5000pt]	illegal不合法的[size=10.5000pt]；[size=10.5000pt] illiterate文盲[size=10.5000pt]；[size=10.5000pt] illegitimate非法的[size=10.5000pt]
		im-[size=10.5000pt] in-[size=10.5000pt] ir-[size=10.5000pt]	加在字母[size=10.5000pt]m[size=10.5000pt]，[size=10.5000pt]b[size=10.5000pt]，[size=10.5000pt]p之前[size=10.5000pt]	not[size=10.5000pt]，in[size=10.5000pt]，into否定，加强或引申意义[size=10.5000pt]	impracticable行不通的；[size=10.5000pt] invisible不可见的；[size=10.5000pt] irrational不合理的；[size=10.5000pt] inaccurate不准确的；[size=10.5000pt] irresistable不可抗拒的[size=10.5000pt]
		mal-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	bad[size=10.5000pt]，badly恶，不良[size=10.5000pt]	maltreat虐待；[size=10.5000pt] malfunction机能失常；[size=10.5000pt] malcontent不满的；[size=10.5000pt] malnutrition营养不良；[size=10.5000pt] maladminister对……管理不善[size=10.5000pt]
		mis-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	bad[size=10.5000pt]，badly错，坏[size=10.5000pt]	mistake错误[size=10.5000pt]
		non-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	not否定[size=10.5000pt]	nonmetal非金属；[size=10.5000pt] nonviolent非暴力的；[size=10.5000pt] nonprofessional无职业的[size=10.5000pt]
		se-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	分离[size=10.5000pt]	separation分离；secure安全；segregation隔离，分开[size=10.5000pt]
		un-[size=10.5000pt]	加在形、副、名词前[size=10.5000pt]	not否定[size=10.5000pt]	unpredictable无法预言的；unknown未知的[size=10.5000pt]
	[size=10.5000pt]后[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]缀[size=10.5000pt]	-proof[size=10.5000pt]	加在名词后[size=10.5000pt]	(adj.)防……的， [size=10.5000pt]	waterproof防水的；[size=10.5000pt] bulletproof防弹的；[size=10.5000pt] soundproof隔音的；[size=10.5000pt] burglar-proof防盗的[size=10.5000pt]

2.表示时间的常用词缀：

[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]时[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]间[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]时[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]间[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]前[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]缀[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]前[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]缀[size=10.5000pt]	词缀[size=10.5000pt]	位置[size=10.5000pt]	意义[size=10.5000pt]	例词[size=10.5000pt]
		ante-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	before在……之前[size=10.5000pt]	ante-room前厅；[size=10.5000pt] ante-Christian基督降生前；[size=10.5000pt] antecedent先行的，先时的[size=10.5000pt]
		ex-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	前任的[size=10.5000pt]	ex-president前总统；[size=10.5000pt] ex-premier前总理[size=10.5000pt]
		[size=10.5000pt] fore-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt] before前、预先[size=10.5000pt]	foremost最前的；[size=10.5000pt] forecast预测；[size=10.5000pt] forefather前人，祖先；[size=10.5000pt] forehead前额；[size=10.5000pt] foretell预言；[size=10.5000pt] foreground前景；[size=10.5000pt] foresee预见[size=10.5000pt]
		pre-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	before之前[size=10.5000pt]	prehistory史前：[size=10.5000pt] prerequisite先决条件；[size=10.5000pt] prelude序言前奏曲；[size=10.5000pt] pre-election大选前；[size=10.5000pt] prefix前缀[size=10.5000pt]
		pro-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	预先的[size=10.5000pt]	programme节目单；[size=10.5000pt] prologue序言，序幕；[size=10.5000pt] prophet预言家[size=10.5000pt]
		proto-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	原始，初[size=10.5000pt]	protohydrogen初氢；[size=10.5000pt] prototype原型；[size=10.5000pt] protoplasm原生质；[size=10.5000pt] protoplast原物，原型[size=10.5000pt]
		post-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	after之后[size=10.5000pt]	postwar战后；[size=10.5000pt] postgraduate研究生；[size=10.5000pt] post-liberation解放后[size=10.5000pt]
		retro-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	back往后的[size=10.5000pt]	retrograde倒退的；[size=10.5000pt] retrospect回顾[size=10.5000pt]

2.表示数字的常用词缀:

[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]数[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]字[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]数[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]字[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]前[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]缀[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]前[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]缀[size=10.5000pt]	词缀[size=10.5000pt]	位置[size=10.5000pt]	意义[size=10.5000pt]	例词[size=10.5000pt]
		hemi-[size=10.5000pt] semi-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]半[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]	hemicycle半圆形建筑；[size=10.5000pt] semiautomatic半自动的；semimechanized半机械化的计算机考研[size=10.5000pt]
		mono-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt] one单一[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]	monomotor单发动机；[size=10.5000pt] monowheel单轮[size=10.5000pt]
		uni-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]		uniform均匀的；[size=10.5000pt] unicellular单细胞的；[size=10.5000pt] unilateralism单边主义[size=10.5000pt]
		ambi-[size=10.5000pt] amphi-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]两[size=10.5000pt] 周围[size=10.5000pt]	ambiguous有两个意义的，暧昧的；[size=10.5000pt] amphitheater圆形剧场；[size=10.5000pt] amphibian两栖的[size=10.5000pt]
		bi-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt] 二，双[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]	bimotor双发动机；[size=10.5000pt] biweekly双周[size=10.5000pt]([size=10.5000pt]刊[size=10.5000pt])[size=10.5000pt]；[size=10.5000pt] biyearly两年一次的[size=10.5000pt]
		di-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]		dioxide二氧化物；[size=10.5000pt] diode二极管；[size=10.5000pt]
		[size=10.5000pt] tri-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt] [size=10.5000pt]三[size=10.5000pt]	triangle三角形；[size=10.5000pt] tripod三角架；[size=10.5000pt] triple三倍的[size=10.5000pt]
		quadri-[size=10.5000pt] quadru-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]四[size=10.5000pt]	quadruple四倍的；[size=10.5000pt] quadrangle四边形[size=10.5000pt]
		penta-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]五[size=10.5000pt]	pentagon五角大楼；[size=10.5000pt] pentagram五角星形：[size=10.5000pt]
		centi-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	百，百分之一[size=10.5000pt]	centimetre厘米[size=10.5000pt](百分之一米[size=10.5000pt])[size=10.5000pt]；[size=10.5000pt] centipede蜈蚣[size=10.5000pt](百脚虫[size=10.5000pt])[size=10.5000pt]
		kilo-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]千[size=10.5000pt]	kilowatt千瓦；[size=10.5000pt] kilometer千米；[size=10.5000pt] kilogram(me)公斤，千克[size=10.5000pt]
		milli-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	千，千分之一[size=10.5000pt]	millennial千年的[size=10.5000pt]；[size=10.5000pt] milligram毫克[size=10.5000pt]
		multi-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	许多[size=10.5000pt]	multi-coloured颜色多样的，[size=10.5000pt] multi-national多民族的；multiform多种形式的；[size=10.5000pt] multilateral多边的；[size=10.5000pt] multipole多极[size=10.5000pt]
		poly-[size=10.5000pt]	[size=10.5000pt]	多，复，聚[size=10.5000pt]	polygon多边形；[size=10.5000pt] polyatomic多原子的；[size=10.5000pt] polyphase多相的；[size=10.5000pt] polyunclear多核的[size=10.5000pt]